ecancermedicalscience

Review

Targeting BRAF V600E in metastatic colorectal cancer: where are we today?

15 Dec 2022
Rodrigo Motta Guerrero, Veronica Arnao Labajos, Sophia Lozano Ballena, Carlos Aliaga Macha, Miguel Sotelo Lezama, Cristian Pacheco Roman, Paola Montenegro Beltran, Alejandro Figueroa Torrejon

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most frequent cause of direct cancer death worldwide. The study of the molecular state of oncogenes has predictive and prognostic value in metastatic CRC (mCRC). The B-raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) gene mutation represents the 8%–12% of all mutations in mCRC. The BRAF V600E mutation, considered the most common alteration of BRAF, corresponds to a constitutive kinase with a high activating capacity of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway after a cascade of successive phosphorylations in the transcription of genes. BRAF V600E mutation is more prevalent in women, elderly, right-sided colon cancer and Caucasian population. Unfortunately, it is considered a poor predictive and prognosis biomarker. Patients with mCRC BRAF V600E mutated (BRAFm) are generally associated with poor response to chemotherapy and short progression-free survival and overall survival. Recently, randomised clinical trials have studied the combination of different chemotherapy regimens with angiogenic inhibitors in mCRC BRAFm. In addition, new anti-BRAF and immunotherapy agents have also been studied in this population, with positive results. The objective of this review is to acknowledge the biology and molecular pathway of BRAF, critically analyse the clinical trials and the therapy options published until today and evaluate the options of treatment according to the patient’s clinical presentation.

Related Articles

Nikhil Bathija, Rohit Mahajan, Anil Kumar Goel, Siva Ranjani, Mounika Sirimalla, Gourav Kaushal, Sapna Marcus, Shilpa Jain, Madhur Verma, Deep Shikha, Korukonda Vinod Kumar, Jyoti Sharma
Pavan Raju Kola, Amith Paruchuri, Nimisha Preman, Hemavathi Baskarane, Vishakha Hooda, Aparna Sharma, Ishaan Gupta, Saran Kumar, Shilpi Minocha, Pranay Tanwar, Mohit Kumar Divakar, Atul Batra
Pablo Companys, Tomas Soule, Mariano Aymar, María Natalia Gandur Quiroga, Rosalía Hinojosa Altamirano, Marcelo Fogtman, Augusto Ferreyra Camacho, Rodrigo Sánchez, Gonzalo Taetti, Gabriela Gatica, Natalia Soto, María Elisa Arroyo, Nicolas Mainardi, Carolina Passarella, Andrea Marchioni, Ignacio Jerez, María Pía Domínguez, Emiliano Menna, Harold Somerville, Ernesto Korbenfeld, Florencia Sarru, Karina Peters, Iván Macharashvili, Federico Losco, Laura Pelagatti Santoni, Mauricio Fernández Lazaro, José Zarba, Mabel Gill, Juan Pablo Sade, Federico Cayol
Gbenro E. Olukiran, Adewumi O. Alabi, Anthonia C. Sowunmi, Babatunde Fadipe, Gbenga O. Popoola, Sunday A. Okinbaloye, Hnin L. Nwe Thein, Ololade Kehinde
Leonardo G Da Fonseca, Duilio Reis da Rocha Filho, Aline Lopes Chagas, Alexandre Jacome, Leila Moreira Beltrao Pereira, Rogerio Alves, Mario Reis Alvares-da-Silva, Mauro Donadio, Ana Paula Victorino, Federico Piñero, Cassia Guedes Leal
Edwin Saji, Jason Jacob, Udaya Kumar Damodaran, Sabah Kulsum, Sharanya Tripathi, Akshat Saxena, Panah Parab, Utkarsh Dayal, Priyal Dilip Mehta, Aju Mathew