Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferation of clonal plasma cells causing bone lesions, renal impairment, anemia and hypercalcemia. Real-world data on the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with MM in Latin America, particularly in Peru, remain scarce. This study aimed to describe the clinical and laboratory features, characteristics, treatment and 5-year survival of MM patients in a Peruvian referral clinic.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including adult patients diagnosed with MM (ICD-10 C90.0) between 2016 and 2020, identified from institutional clinical records. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and treatment data were collected. Overall survival was estimated using Kaplan–Meier.
Results: Among transplant recipients, women predominated (52.2%), whereas men predominated in the total cohort (52.4%). The mean age was 55.5 years for transplant patients and 60.6 for all patients. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 1 was most common (52.2%) and stage III was frequent (48.9% transplant; 47.3% overall). Vertebral lesions were predominant (69.6% transplant; 65.5% overall). Bortezomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (VRd) was the main first-line regimen (69.6% and 68.3%, respectively). Five-year survival was 87.9% for transplant recipients and 64.8% overall.
Conclusion: MM patients commonly presented with advanced stage, vertebral lesions, ECOG 1 and received VRd; transplant recipients achieved excellent survival.
