Dr Michael Serzan (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA), Dr Javier Puente (Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain), Dr Guillermo de Velasco (University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain), and Dr Alessandro Rametta (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy) share insights on the latest advances in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), including new data from ASCO 2025.

The panel highlights the sustained survival benefit of pembrolizumab in the adjuvant setting. They also reaffirm the importance of the CheckMate 214 trial, which continues to shape clinical practice through its comparison of nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in metastatic disease.

Dr Puente discusses the promise of emerging triplet regimens currently under investigation for metastatic clear cell RCC. The panel also explores the growing interest in HIF-2α inhibitors, which are showing encouraging efficacy. In contrast, while CAR T-cell therapy holds significant potential, its application in mRCC remains limited by ongoing challenges.

In closing, the experts underscore the rapid progress in biomarker research, emphasising the integration of multi-omics data and the transformative role of artificial intelligence in driving personalised treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes.