Dr Nico-Al Gotera speaks to ecancer about GLP-1 receptor agonists for primary prevention of breast cancer in high-risk women.

Preventive options for breast cancer in high-risk women remain limited, particularly for those who decline endocrine therapy due to side effects. This real-world study evaluated the potential role of GLP-1 receptor agonists, commonly used for obesity and type 2 diabetes, in reducing breast cancer risk among high-risk women with obesity.

Using a large global database, outcomes were compared between women who used GLP-1 receptor agonists and matched non-users. The analysis showed a modest reduction in breast cancer incidence among GLP-1 receptor agonist users.

However, this benefit was accompanied by increased risks of endometrial cancer, osteoporosis, and gastrointestinal adverse events, while no significant difference was observed in thromboembolic risk.

These findings suggest a potential preventive effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists in this population, though prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm efficacy and better understand the risk–benefit profile.