Prof Feng-Ming Spring Kong speaks to ecancer about updated results from the phase II iNATURE trial, which evaluated a personalised neoantigen peptide vaccine (BXP-001) combined with critical-lesion immuno-preserving radiotherapy (CLERT) in patients with advanced solid tumours that had progressed after at least one line of treatment.

The trial randomised 35 patients to receive the personalised vaccine or placebo, with both groups receiving CLERT. Lung cancer accounted for 74.3% of participants, and patients had received a median of three previous lines of systemic therapy.

Median progression-free survival was significantly longer with the vaccine combination than with placebo, at 10.3 months versus 3.1 months, representing a 71% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death.

Dr Kong says the vaccine also induced neoantigen-specific T-cell responses in 83.3% of evaluable patients and antibody responses in all evaluable patients.

She concludes that these findings suggest combining personalised neoantigen vaccination with CLERT may improve disease control in heavily pretreated patients with advanced solid tumours.