Dr Phebe Mawuena Afi Havor speaks to ecancer about a predictive model for real-time treatment adaptation in HPV-associated anal squamous cell carcinoma.

The study demonstrates that ctDNA levels closely correlate with tumour burden and can predict treatment response within weeks of therapy initiation, often preceding changes seen on imaging.

This early signal may allow clinicians to identify responders and non-responders sooner, enabling more timely treatment adjustments.

A validated mathematical model integrating ctDNA and tumour dynamics further supports its role as a predictive tool for guiding clinical decision-making.

Dr Havor says that these findings highlight the potential of ctDNA as a minimally invasive, accessible alternative to imaging, advancing personalised and adaptive treatment strategies, particularly in settings where imaging resources are limited.